Fig. 7
From: The genus Entomophthora: bringing the insect destroyers into the twenty-first century
Working with E. muscae. A Top: “Young” in vitro E. muscae culture (72 h after inoculation); small white clusters of cells are hyphal bodies with varying morphologies. Bottom: example cell morphologies observed in vitro, stained with Hoechst 33342 to label nuclei. Bars = 5 µm. B Top: “Old” in vitro E. muscae culture (approx. one month after inoculation); the large clump of material consists of mycelial (cell-walled) tissue. Bottom: images of mycelial in vitro growth, color from staining with Calcofluor. Bars = 5 µm. C Hundreds of fruit flies exposed to E. muscae via fresh, sporulating cadavers in a small embryo collection cage. D Example cadavers collected from in vivo propagation of E. muscae. Left: cadavers collected on day of death; Right: cadavers 24 h after collection. E House flies killed from E. muscae infection from abdominal injection of in vitro culture; flies were collected at similar times of day (both between 3–4 h after sunset) but showed variability in extent of conidiophore formation. Flies died 15- and 13 d following injection, for top and bottom images respectively. F Collecting E. muscae-infected flies in the field (cow stable in Denmark); H. H. De Fine Licht is pictured scrutinizing captured Musca domestica flies for signs of fungal infection. Inset: Musca domestica flies sitting on the back of a cow in the stable. Photos: C. Elya and H. H. De Fine Licht