Fig. 1a-d

One of eight most-parsimonious phylograms, 12 982 steps in length, inferred from 3383 bp of aligned partial RPB1 and RPB2 sequences from 104 fusaria comprising 20 species complexes. The phylogram was rooted on outgroup sequences of Neonectria and llyonectria based on prior analyses (O’Donnell et al. 2013). ARS Culture Collection strains are identified by the 4–5 digit NRRL number. Thickened black nodes received >90 % ML-BS/MP-BS support, whereas the eight nodes in red received <70 % ML-BS/MP-BS. The chromosome number (CN) traced in the left panel for 31 species representing 11 species complexes was determined by the germ tube burst method and DAPI staining (Taga et al. 1998). Putative supernumerary chromosomes in 19 species spanning 11 species complexes are identified by a yellow arrowhead and the number following the + sign. A red arrowhead is used to specify NOR (rDNA), which is identifiable by the protrusion of chromatin from the apex of one of the chromosomes. A green trace line and green arrowheads are used to present an alternative interpretation of the karyotype of Fusarium buharicum and F. sublunatum. Bar = 2µm